Russia was banned from competing in the Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, a sweeping punishment for its brazen state-sponsored doping program, exposed in 2016. But even with the added scrutiny of athletes in 2018, the percentage of athletes using banned substances in Pyeongchang is probably lower than it was in Rio in 2016, and than it will be in Tokyo in 2020. Doping—throughout the history of the Olympics—tends to happens more in the Summer Games than in the Winter Games. Based on the numbers from the games between 1968 and 2014, the Summer Olympics have nearly double the percentage of reported doping cases than the Winter Olympics. Overall, 0.44% of doping tests from the Summer Olympics came back positive, compared with 0.28% of tests from the Winter Olympic—that’s 144 out of 26,900 summer doping tests, and 22 out of 7,783 winter tests. That gap isn’t surprising to doping experts. Though there isn’t formal academic research on the topic, it’s easy to generate reasons why it might be the case, says Thomas Hunt, author of Drug Games: The International Olympic Committee and the Politics of Doping, 1960-2008. The main reason, Hunt speculates, is that many of the factors that drive athletes to…